For the Late-Diagnosed: Unmasking and Learning to Be Yourself
Unmasking as a late-diagnosed autistic adult is a profound journey toward self-discovery and authenticity. For many, the diagnosis in adulthood brings clarity to lifelong experiences, prompting a reassessment of personal identity and social interactions.
This article delves into the concept of masking, the challenges associated with unmasking, and offers research-backed insights to support individuals navigating this transformative process.
Understanding Masking in Autism
Masking involves suppressing or concealing natural autistic behaviors to conform to societal norms. This can include mimicking social behaviors, scripting conversations, or suppressing stimming behaviors. (s) While masking may facilitate social integration, it often comes at a significant personal cost.
Research indicates that masking is more prevalent among autistic females, contributing to the underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis within this group. (s)
Traditional diagnostic criteria for autism have been largely based on male presentations of the condition.
Since autistic females often exhibit different traits and engage in masking, they may not meet the conventional diagnostic thresholds, leading to underdiagnosis. The internalization of autistic traits in females can result in misdiagnoses, often as anxiety or depression, due to overlapping symptoms. This misattribution can delay access to appropriate support and interventions.
The Impact of Masking
Engaging in prolonged masking can lead to adverse mental health outcomes, including increased stress, anxiety, depression, and a phenomenon known as autistic burnout. Autistic burnout is characterized by chronic exhaustion, loss of skills, and reduced tolerance to stimuli.
Studies have shown that high levels of masking are associated with increased anxiety and depression, and can lead to a skewed sense of self. (s)
Challenges in the Workplace
One significant challenge is the effort to “mask” autistic traits to conform to neurotypical expectations. This constant adaptation can be mentally and emotionally exhausting, diverting energy from work tasks and potentially hindering performance.
Emily Swiatek, diagnosed with autism in her thirties, noted that women who mask often appear to cope well until they reach a crisis point, surprising employers who perceived them as successful and high-achieving. (s)
Additionally, undiagnosed autistic women may encounter difficulties with social interactions, sensory sensitivities, and adapting to workplace routines. These challenges can lead to misunderstandings with colleagues and supervisors, affecting team dynamics and professional relationships. Without a diagnosis, individuals might not access necessary accommodations, further exacerbating these issues. (s)
Unmasking: Embracing Authenticity
Unmasking refers to the process of shedding the camouflaging behaviors and embracing one’s authentic autistic self. For late-diagnosed adults, this journey can be both liberating and challenging.
It involves rediscovering personal preferences, relearning social interactions, and establishing boundaries that honor one’s neurodivergent needs. Personal narratives highlight the complexities of unmasking, emphasizing the importance of self-acceptance and the potential for improved mental health. (s)
Strategies for Unmasking
Self-Education: Understanding autism and its manifestations can empower individuals to recognize and validate their experiences. (s)
Community Engagement: Connecting with other autistic individuals can provide support, shared experiences, and a sense of belonging.
Professional Support: Therapists experienced in neurodiversity can offer guidance tailored to the unique challenges of unmasking.
Mindfulness Practices: Engaging in activities that promote self-awareness can aid in identifying authentic behaviors and preferences.
Despite these challenges, autistic individuals often possess unique strengths beneficial to various professions, such as attention to detail, deep focus, and innovative problem-solving abilities. Recognizing and harnessing these strengths can lead to fulfilling and successful careers.
Conclusion
The journey of unmasking as a late-diagnosed autistic adult is deeply personal and varies for each individual. While challenges exist, embracing one’s authentic self can lead to enhanced well-being and a more fulfilling life.
Recognizing the impact of masking and taking deliberate steps toward unmasking can empower individuals to navigate the world in a way that honors their true selves.
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